Martin v Myers

There are two essential grounds of appeal.â The main ground is established on standards of antagonistic possession.â It can be effectively contended that unfriendly belonging by definition and application doesn't emerge for this situation since it was consistently the title proprietors goal that A live on the property.â The second ground of claim is established on standards of productive trusts in which case it tends to be contended that allowing A to secure legitimate title to the trust property is and was in opposition to the parties’ intentions.Adverse PossessionMr. Nicholas Strauss QC failed in finding that An obtained title by goodness of the convention of unfavorable possession.â The tenet of unfriendly belonging requires in excess of a simple 12 years of undisturbed possession.â As Lord Browne-Wilkinsonâ clarified in J.A. Pye (Oxford) Ltd. what's more, Others v Graham and Another [2003]:â€Å"The question is basically whether the litigant vagrant has seized the paper proprietor by going into standard ownership of the land for the essential time frame without the assent of the owner.† (J.A. Pye (Oxford) Ltd. furthermore, Others v Graham and Another [2003] 1 AC 419)In shows up from the decision in Martin v Myers that Mr. Nicholas Strauss QC took an absolutely uneven perspective on ownership. (Martin v Myers [2004] EWHC 194)  For the reasons for the convention of antagonistic belonging, ownership is required to contain two elements.â Those components are verifiable belonging and an expectation to have. Slade J in Powell v McFarlane (1977) portrayed true belonging as the elite control of the land to the degree that a genuine proprietor is in any case qualified for involve it. Slade J proceeded to clarify that:â€Å"The question what acts comprise an adequate level of select physical control must rely upon the conditions, specifically the idea of the land and the way wherein the place where there is that nature is generally util ized or enjoyed.† (Powell v McFarlane (1977) 38 P&CR 452 at 470)Obviously, A’s ownership of the home bought by E was not expected to confiscate E, a basic component of unfriendly belonging. As it occurred, E bought the property planning for it to be involved by both he and An and their seven kids. In this way upon his passing, his aims would have proceeded and had he not discarded the property by will it would have and ought to have degenerated by the laws of intestacy. (Organization of Estates Act 1925, Part II) Certainly he probably proposed for A to stay in the â€Å"matrimonial home† until such time as she passed on.â Therefore there couldn't have been any procurement of title upon his demise by righteousness of the regulation of unfavorable possession.â A’s ownership of the â€Å"matrimonial home† was just steady with E’s expectation upon the acquisition of the home.In discarding property under Part II of the Administration of Estates Act 1925 the â€Å"matrimonial home† would have been partitioned among the closest relative. (Organization of Estates Act, 1925)â For this situation, since An and E were not marry, the kids are the closest relative. The house was bought explicitly to give a home to An, E and their kids and it is positively inside E’s goal that An ought to stay in the â€Å"matrimonial home† until such time as she passed on.â The youngsters, who are the appellants for this situation, acting in a way steady with E, the paper owner’s aim didn't demand that A convey empty belonging upon E’s death.â It would give off an impression of being in opposition to standards of value to decipher their good natured direct against them in a simply specialized sense.Aware that there was a useful trust which accommodated A to stay possessing the â€Å"matrimonial home† the appellants were just respecting their father’s wishes.â A, then again, by giving the home to her child P was acting against E’s expectations and against the soul and aim of the useful trust.â When one thinks about the ramifications of a productive trust, it turns out to be evident that Mr. Nicholas Strauss QC failed on both impartial and custom-based law principles.Constructive TrustsA valuable trust is forced upon the paper proprietor of realty in conditions where it is generally comprehended that the property is held to serve the proprietor and others. (Gissing v Gissing. [1971] AC 886)â In the Martin case there is no doubt that E held the paper to support himself, An and their seven youngsters, four of whom are the appellants.â As Lord Justice Dillon said in Springette v Defoe [1992] 2 FLR 388:â€Å"†¦the basic expectation of the gatherings must, in my judgment, mean a common aim conveyed between them. It can't mean an expectation which each happened to have in their, own psyche however had never conveyed to the other.† (Springette v Defoe [1992] 2 FLR 388 at p. 393)It is expected dependent on the realities of the Martin case that both An and E planned that the â€Å"matrimonial home† be held upon trust for themselves and their children.â thus, the children’s enthusiasm for the home would not emerge until such time as both An and E had died.â Therefore it is in opposition to the expectation of the trust as made by E to take into account the children’s enthusiasm for the home to emerge during A’s lifetime. Hence the Limitations Act, 1980 couldn't begin to run during A’s lifetime, as she was qualified for stay in the wedding home during her lifetime.â Likewise, the appellants’ enthusiasm for the marital home didn't emerge until such time as both An and E hosted died.The regular expectations of the gatherings is basically what offers ascend to a productive trust. (Walker v Hall FLR 126) A, by leaving the property to her child P was acting in a way conflicting with th e trust.â In any occasion, all that P could do was hold the property as trustee for the rest of the youngsters and himself as recipients of the trust.â Since obviously the property is dependent upon a valuable trust the Trusts of Land and Appointment of Trustees Act 1996 will apply. (Trusts of Land and Appointment of Trustees Act 1996)By excellence of Section 3 of the Trusts of Land and Appointment of Trustees Act 1996 the appellants have an enthusiasm for the property just as the returns of offer. (Trusts of Land and Appointment of Trustees Act 1996, Section 3)â â â â â â Another issue that can be contended on offer is that the home, which was trust property was offered in opposition to Section 11 of the Trusts of Land and Appointment of Trustees Act 1996.â By righteousness of Section 11, a trustee may not sell the land which is trust property without first acquiring the assent of the recipients under the trust.(Trust of Land and Appointment of Trustees Act 1996, Secti on 11)The courts when called upon to make a request available to be purchased or in any case of the property are required to take a gander at the reason for which the trust was set up in any case.  â â .(Trust of Land and Appointment of Trustees Act 1996, Section 13)â It accordingly follows that had the appellants endeavored to seize An after E’s demise they would have been banished by ideals of Section 13 of the Trust of Land and Appointment of Trustees Act 1996 since the property was bought as a â€Å"matrimonial home† for An, E and their seven children.A’s enthusiasm for the wedding home is impartial in nature for two reasons.â E bought the house for both he and An and their seven children.â Her inclinations along with the children’s intrigue will be controlled by the fair standards relevant to valuable trusts.â A’s second enthusiasm for the property emerges out of the way that she was an occupier of the property under the details o f the helpful trust.â Therefore A couldn't have confiscated the appellant’s evenhanded interests in the marital home by the activity of the Limitations Act 1980. (Smith, 2006)ConclusionA’s control of the marital home until her demise or until she decided to leave was dependent upon a valuable trust.â As a recipient under the productive trust she was not confiscating different recipients under the trust by involving the wedding home.â Therefore the legal period for the securing of title by temperance of the teaching of antagonistic belonging couldn't have started to run and neither might it be able to emerge to bar the impartial interests of different recipients under the trust.Moreover, regardless of whether one were to look past the activity of the helpful trust principles,â E had consistently expected for An and the youngsters to stay in the marital home.â Therefore upon his passing, the appellants, by neglecting to guarantee an enthusiasm for the property were just respecting their father’s wishes.â Wishes he unmistakably conveyed when he bought the home.â The simple certainty that A were allowed to stay in the marital home by the assent of the best possible beneficiaries to E’s property since E was not hitched to E and would not acquire under the laws of intestacy is a bar to any case under the tenet of unfavorable possession.As an aftereffect of the use of the legitimate standards there are two potential ways to deal with the appeal.â First it tends to be asserted that the wedding home was dependent upon a useful trust which gave A the option to stay in the marital home until her passing, subject to the useful interests of the children.â Secondly it tends to be contended in the other option, that E consistently proposed for A to stay in the wedding home until her demise along these lines she was unable to have obtained title by ethicalness of unfriendly belonging by involving the house as long as she did.Refer encesAdministration of Estates Act 1925Gissing v Gissing. [1971] AC 886J.A. Pye (Oxford) Ltd. what's more, Others v Graham a

Its That Time of Year Again...

Its That Time of Year Again... It’s that time of year again… Exams are right around the corner here at Illinois. Students are hitting the books, libraries, and coffee shops all around campus. This time of year is a stressful time, so below are some tips to succeed on your exams! 1. Starting Early I like to begin studying from day one. It’s important to keep up with lecture material day-by-day, rather than cramming it all in the night before. Spend the few days before the exam reviewing and brushing up on any topics that are not as familiar to you. 2. Office Hours Office hours are one of the best resources on campus. Professors in all departments set aside a few hours once or twice a week to open up their offices for students to walk in and ask questions, talk about their concerns, or just to get to know them better. 3. Group Study Sessions Studying with a group of people can really help you learn more efficiently. Teaching the material to other people not only helps them learn, but allows you to solidify the topics yourself. These are just a few ways to get through exams smoothly and successfully! In college, you will find ways to study that work best for you. It may take some time, but you will eventually get the hang of it! Kripa Class of 2020 I'm majoring in Psychology, minoring in Spanish, and pursuing a pre-dental track. It seems like I’m all over the place, but that’s what I like about college! I get to choose to study what I’m interested in, and I’m happy to be doing just that at Illinois.

Rebecca Lee Crumpler African-American Woman Physician

Rebecca Davis Lee Crumpler is the first African-American woman to earn a medical degree. She was also the first African-American to publish a text concerning medical discourse. The text, A Book of Medical Discourses was published in 1883. Achievements First African-American woman to earn a medical degree.First African-American woman to earn a Doctor of Medicine degree from the New England Female Medical College.Published A Book of Medical Discourses  in 1883.  The text was one of the first written by an African-American concerning medicine.   Early Life and Education Rebecca Davis Lee was born in 1831 in Delaware. Crumpler was raised in Pennsylvania by an aunt who provided care for sick people. In 1852, Crumpler moved to Charlestown, Ma. and was hired as a nurse. Crumpler desired to do more than nursing. In her book, A Book of Medical Discourses, she wrote, â€Å"I really conceived a liking for, and sought every opportunity to relieve the suffering of others.† In 1860, she was accepted into the New England Female Medical College. Following her graduation in medicine, Crumpler became the first African-American woman to earn a Doctor of Medicine degree at for the New England Female Medical College. Dr. Crumpler After graduating in 1864, Crumpler established a medical practice in Boston for poor women and children. Crumpler also received training in the â€Å"British Dominion.† When the Civil War ended in 1865, Crumpler relocated to Richmond, Va. She argued that it was â€Å"a proper field for real missionary work and one that would present ample opportunities to become acquainted with the diseases of women and children. During my stay there nearly every hour was improved in that sphere of labor. The last quarter of the year 1866, I was enabled . . . to have access each day to a very large number of the indigent, and others of different classes, in a population of over 30,000 colored. Soon after her arrival in Richmond, Crumpler began working for the-the Freedmen’s Bureau as well as other missionary and community groups. Working alongside other African-American physicians, Crumpler was able to provide healthcare to recently freed slaves. Crumpler experienced racism and sexism. She describes the ordeal she endured by saying, men doctors snubbed her, druggist balked at filling her prescriptions, and some people wisecracked that the M.D. behind her name stood for nothing more than Mule Driver. By 1869, Crumpler had returned to her practice on Beacon Hill where she provided medical care to women and children.   In 1880, Crumpler and her husband relocated to Hyde Park, Ma. In 1883, Crumpler wrote A Book of Medical Discourses. The text was a compilation of the notes she had taken during her medical field. Personal Life and Death She married Dr. Arthur Crumpler shortly after completing her medical degree. The couple had no children. Crumpler died in 1895 in Massachusetts.   Legacy In 1989, Doctors Saundra Maass-Robinson and Patricia established the Rebecca Lee Society.  It was one of the first African-American medical societies exclusively for women. The purpose of the organization was to provide support and promote the successes of African-American women physicians. Also, Crumpler’s home on Joy Street has been included on the Boston Women’s Heritage Trail.

Ideas and Issues

Vegetarianism Free Essays

Meat: It Does My Body Good I eat meat; I drink milk; I eat eggs. I don’t eat it at every meal, but I do eat it daily. For the sake of this essay, I will state that I, clearly, am not a vegetarian. We will write a custom essay sample on Vegetarianism or any similar topic only for you Order Now Let me begin by explaining the term vegetarian as used in this essay: a vegetarian is a person that does not consume meat. There multiple forms of vegetarianism: ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products; lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs; ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes dairy and eggs but not meat. A vegan is the strictest vegetarian diet and excludes all animal products including eggs, dairy and honey. Some vegetarian diets, however, do include fish or chicken, but not ‘red’ meat. After reading several articles on the pros and cons of being, or not being, a vegetarian, I came upon an article by William T. Jarvis, PH. D entitled â€Å"Why I Am Not A Vegetarian† that encompassed many of my same views. Dr. Jarvis, now retired, was a professor of public health and preventive medicine at Lorna Linda University, and founder and president of The National Council Against Health Fraud and he is a Seventh Day Adventist. Seventh Day Adventists are strong believers in vegetarianism, which is one reason why I enjoyed his opposing viewpoint. In the article by Dr. Jarvis, several topics and theories are discussed including his observation on classifying vegetarians in two behavioral categories: pragmatic or ideologic. A pragmatic vegetarian is rational and most often are vegetarian out of health related concerns, but an ideologic vegetarian is one that is more emotionally rooted in the behavior ‘as a matter of principle’ so to speak. It is his views on the pragmatic vegetarian that closely mirror my own. In the article, Dr. Jarvis points out that it is possible to obtain all the essential nutrients needed, except vitamin B-12, by eating a vegetarian diet; however, he also points out that the same can be said for eating an all meat diet, too. While I understand the need that some have to refrain from eating certain foods for health related issues, I believe that our body needs meat. Also, to me, meat tastes good. The quality of protein from meat exceeds the quality of protein from plants. Meat contains much more protein by mass, and this protein contains all the essential amino acids, in the correct balance. Meat is also rich is Iron which is needed by pregnant women and middle-aged women approaching menopause. Many argue that there are certain health risks of eating meat, especially red meat, but they often tend to be exaggerated. Avoid processed meat and try to eat lean meat as much as possible, and meat can be very healthy in the diet, and does not increase risk of heart disease or cancer, as Dr. Jarvis also pointed out in his article quoting scientific data from nutrition-related research supports vegetarianism only tentatively. Another reason I think eating meat is healthier than a vegetarian diet is that we, humans, are fully able to digest meat. We have canine teeth, which allow us to chew meat, and enzymes in our stomach and small intestine to digest it. In conclusion, eating meat tends to be an economical option for nutrition overall. While it is possible to get all the nutrients in meat on a vegetarian diet, it is much more difficult, often resulting in the need to obtain various types of grains to ensure that no vitamins, minerals, or amino acids are missing. This can be inconvenient and costly, and difficult to prepare. Meat supplies us with the vitamins we need in everyday life. Although, the other articles I read are opposed to meat eating; they still share the health risks of not eating meat, and that meat does the body good. Work Cited â€Å"Why I Am Not a Vegetarian. † Why I Am Not a Vegetarian. N. p. , n. d. Web. 25 Sept. 2012. lt;http://www. quackwatch. org/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/vegan. htmlgt;. How to cite Vegetarianism, Papers

Bachelor of Early Childhood Studies for Piaget- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theBachelor of Early Childhood Studies for Piaget. Answer: Piaget (how children acquire knowledge through play) The four stage theory of Jean Piagets demonstrates the way through which children acquire knowledge through playing. This is one of the most critically criticized physiological theories of all decades. The theory on how children build up knowledge faced many challenges. Also many of them are completely justified. Due to his grand vision the theory is fitting to round off this series on over 10 crucial child psychology studies along with the work of well known Swiss developmental psychologists Jean Piaget (Trevarthen et al., 2016). His theory implies that, the intellect of a human develops with the help of assimilation, play and accommodation. In the current field of technology the growing role of education system efficiently supports the understanding of the children. The nature of the technology encounters the need that helps to support the children to maximize their benefits. ICT in playground may be iPods, cell phones, MP3 players and computer are used to allow access to pictures, Video cameras and moreover games also. There are many ICT games available for the children such as Super Mario, puzzle, sketchpad, angry bird etc which helps them to explore their knowledge level. With the help of these ICT technologies the children can acquire high level knowledge. The stages mentioned in this theory include sensorimotor, pre operational, concrete operation and formal operation. While comprising ICT and children play it has been found that, computer games help them to become more familiar with technology. Vygotsky (how children learn through play in a social context) This theory reflects that children play active roles in the cultural and historical theory of human culture. In order to refine and test the basic practices of schooldays the children nature are analyzed by Lev Vygotsky (Hamari Nousiainen, 2015). This theory implies that even without the help of the adults, the children can reach their desired destination only learning from the society. This means that after playing different games in the childhood, the children can learn new skills and ideas from the society. With the help of new learning skills and ideas without any assistance the children can reach highest peak of success. In current days children are also widely using technology in their daily lives. ICT development in the early childhood provides high quality practices that are helpful to support the children development and learning. In order to make these choices the practitioners need to be much familiar with different tools. With the application of computer games and online games the children can learn a lot from the social context. Freud (how children learn self-regulation through play) This is the theory of how the children learn self regulation through playing. The theory developed by Sigmund Freud, states that playing is the way that helps to express all the socially unacceptable behaviors (Moore, 2017). Play also helps a child to expel his or her undesired feelings and all the actions through a much acceptable direction. The sense of control of the children reduces anxiety and also helps to express all their forbidden feelings. Not only traditional games but advanced computer gaming helps children to obtain sense of control over different events. In the early childhood children can gain self regulation power through play. ICT plays effective role in the early childhood days. Early childhood education and play both include many hardware and software as their technology. Play can promote abstract ideas through creating separation between the objectives and actions. Using both the action and objects children can effectively reach even beyond the standard development in cognition and self regulation. Not only this but also from ICT context, children also obtain mental representations on social roles and about the rules of society for self regulation. Bateson (how children learn to communicate through play) The theory developed by Gregory Bateson implies the way through which the children learn communication through playing. It is focused on the script that the children follow while playing any game. Communication reflects the ability of the child and also their ability to learn something new (Siegler, 2016). The communication approach shared among the children is termed as Meta communication skill. After considering the ICT aspect it can be said that, for any child communication is an important tool that has to be used to share thoughts and ideas. ICT technology offers deep social changes that influence segment of the human life and children. The characteristics of play are related to different practical activities. Comprising the ways that help the children to learn communicate drives the evolution through enabling organisms for rapid adoption of novel environment. References Gregory, E., Lytra, V., Ilankuberan, A. (2015). Divine games and rituals: how Tamil Saiva/Hindu siblings learn faith practices through play.International Journal of Play,4(1), 69-83. Hamari, J., Nousiainen, T. (2015, January). Why do teachers use game-based learning technologies? The role of individual and institutional ICT readiness. InSystem Sciences (HICSS), 2015 48th Hawaii International Conference on(pp. 682-691). IEEE. Moore, R. C. (2017).Childhood's domain: Play and place in child development(Vol. 6). Routledge. Roskos, K. A. (Ed.). (2017).Play and literacy in early childhood: Research from multiple perspectives. Routledge. Siegler, R. S. (2016). Continuity and change in the field of cognitive development and in the perspectives of one cognitive developmentalist.Child Development Perspectives,10(2), 128-133. Trevarthen, C., Panksepp, J., Bentzen, M., Lakoseljac-Andreasen, C., Rubin, P. B., Winstead, M., ... Goldstein, B. (2016).Inclusion, Play and Empathy: Neuroaffective Development in Children's Groups. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.

The Marketing Concept †Development, Stakeholders, and Future Directions

Introduction Marketing is a process that involves determining the kind of products and services that interest customers. According to Pride and Ferrell (2006, p.4), â€Å"marketing involves, distributing, promoting and pricing goods, services and ideas to facilitate satisfying exchange relationships wit customers in a dynamic environment.† This process also determines the various strategies used in sales; firms are able to build strong relationships with their customers, hence creating value for their customers and other stakeholders.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Marketing Concept – Development, Stakeholders, and Future Directions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Marketing enables entrepreneurs to identify their customers, satisfy them, and retain them via achieving customer loyalty. O’Shaughnessy (1995, p.4) defines marketing as the performance of business activities, which are direct ed towards flow of goods from the manufacturer to the consumer. In addition, the main activities of marketing include finding the need of a market and selecting the categories of customers whose needs can be met by the interested firm compared to other rival firms. The kind of offering used should be determined such as product, price, or promotion that meets the needs of a customer. Customers should also be informed about the kind of offering available, as well as how to obtain it (O’Shaughnessy, 1995, p.5). Customers are mainly interested in the value of a product, and how it benefits them; marketing also involves the creation, offering and exchange of products to meet satisfaction. Nevertheless, individuals are associated with various needs which are influenced by social forces. The Marketing Concept and its Development The marketing concept argues that organizational goals can only be achieved via effectiveness of a firm compared to its competitors. This concept lies on fo ur pillars – customer needs, target market, integrated marketing and profitability. A company must identify a target market to operate in, as well as the kind of market that will satisfy customers’ needs. Meeting the customer’s needs is the main aim of marketing, and therefore, a business should understand the needs of customers and work hard towards satisfying these needs. A responsive marketer fulfills a stated need, whilst a creative marketer discovers and produces solutions that his customers did not request for, but which respond to their needs (The Marketing Concept, 2009). Integrated marketing occurs when all the departments of a company work together towards satisfying customers. This can be accomplished by internal marketing, which involves hiring effective employees who work towards serving customers well. Finally, profitability as a pillar of marketing concept is the main aim of any business; value must be provided to customers, while at the same time , the firm should yield to profits. Managers have to evaluate and choose the most profitable decisions that will last long in a company (The Marketing Concept, 2009). The marketing concept involves focusing on satisfying the needs of a customer before developing a product. Thereafter, profits are realized through successful customer satisfaction.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This concept involves marketing decision on marketing mix, which involves the 4ps. Shaw (2011, p.4) further elaborates on product, price, place and promotion, where product refers to tangible items as well as services. Here, decisions need to be made on the quality, safety, packaging, warranty and the brand name of the product. Pricing decisions include price flexibility, price discrimination, seasonal pricing, and discounts in pricing. Place concept involves distribution of goods and services to cust omers; the distribution decisions may include distribution channels, warehousing, transportation, distribution centers, and market coverage among others. Promotion in a marketing mix presents communication of information concerning the products; this involves advertising, sales promotion, marketing, and promotional strategies. McDaniel and Gates (1998, p.3) insist that the marketing concept requires a consumer, goal, and systems orientation. Consumer orientation entails that firms strive to identify their customers in the target market, therefore producing goods and services that meet their needs. Goal orientation involves a firm’s striving to accomplish its corporate goals, such as profit making. System orientation involves organizations working in unison; such a firm creates systems, which monitor external environment, such as researching on what customers want in the targeted market (McDaniel and Gates, 1998, p.3). The marketing concept requires a company to research on th e needs and wants of the customers, and thereafter making decisions on what to produce as well as how to satisfy the needs of customers. Today, most companies have adopted the marketing concept; however, this concept has changed with time. In the 1920s, this concept was known as the production strategy, which applied to production companies. It assumed that, once a company produces huge amount of cheap goods, the products would market themselves. The price of these products was mainly determined by the production cost (Net MBA, 2011). In the 1930s, the sales concept took over, and with the level of competition increasing, companies were able to advertise their products. The companies based their production on two questions – could they sell the product? And could they charge enough for the product?Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Marketing Concept – Development, Stakeholders, and Future Directions specifically for you for only $16.0 5 $11/page Learn More However, this concept focused on competition and ignored customer satisfaction (Net MBA, 2011). The marketing concept came into existence after the Second World War, since the sales concept had disappointed customers; the marketing concept aimed at fulfilling the needs of customers. It first researched on the customers’ wants before producing a product; therefore putting the customer first. Tesco is one such example, which has value for money; they collect information on customer’s frequent purchases through Tesco club card. Once a customer swipes his card, all the information on the customer’s purchases is saved, and the common products frequently bought. This assists the company in ordering the products that customers need by tracking the customers’ shopping habits (Pearson, 2011). Identify the Key Stakeholder Groups in a Marketing Oriented Organization and How They are Impacted by Marketing A market-oriented company focuses on discovering and fulfilling the needs of customers; it involves the company’s responsiveness to market intelligence (Roll, 2011). Market orientation in organizations aims at focusing on interaction with customers as well as how customer knowledge can be utilized in building organization’s intelligence (Ind and Bjerke, 2007). Market oriented companies are built on three pillars – customer focus, profitability and coordinated marketing. Customer focus enables these organizations to create a strong relationship with customers, whereby, customers are served effectively and not treated as assets. Coordinated marketing occurs when a company acknowledges that customers are the responsibility of the whole company, such that finance and human resources departments among others are involved. Needless to say, when companies focus on short-term profitability, a high cost in involved. Nevertheless, financial measures allow the firm to balance between short term an d long-term profitability, therefore guaranteeing the company’s financial health (Roll, 2011). Organizations must determine their key stakeholders; employees are viewed as stakeholders of an organization, and although they may not have a direct encounter with the customers, they determine a customer’s perception on the company’s products and services. Stakeholder orientation refers to the degree to which a firm understands the demands of stakeholders, and works towards managing their interest (Ferrell and Hartline, 2010, p.80). Customers, employees, and shareholders are some of the key stakeholders of market-oriented firms.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ferrell (2005, p.94) adds that a group is considered to be a stakeholder if it is affected by the organization’s activities, either positively of negatively. Customers are affected by the firm’s activities in that, in case the firm produces quality goods, customer will attain money value for those goods. However, if the goods are of poor quality, customers may opt to purchase the same goods elsewhere, hence affecting their relationship with the firm. Needless to say, when a company achieves customer loyalty, these customers market the business to their friends, hence attracting even more clients. Once a customer is pleased with the services of a firm, he/she is likely to tell his colleagues about the services. Havaldar (2005, p.257) further adds that, employees, being stakeholders of a firm, need to be motivated. Once they are motivated, they attain job satisfaction, which in return yields to customer satisfaction. Therefore, the employees are able to contribute to mar keting, which in return yield to repeat purchase that contributes to higher levels of returns. For a market-oriented firm to succeed, it must fulfill the needs of each group of stakeholders. Once a firm starts marketing its goods, it does so via advertising or promotions. Therefore, a firm has the responsibility of fulfilling the demands of its stakeholders in order to retain them; when a firm motivates its employees, they are likely to be motivated and serve the organization for a long time. Moreover, if the customer’s needs are met, such customers are likely to be loyal to the firm, hence enhancing repeat purchase. Needless to say, marketing contributes positively to the customers, as they learn of new products through advertising and promotion, and hence they are able to make a decision on which product and service that they should purchase. Nevertheless, marketing keeps the customers updated and informed of the changes in products and services. Predictions for the Future Direction of Marketing Marketing has acknowledged the importance and need to focus on the customer and also to be attentive to competitor’s activities. However, with the advancing technology, business operation and performance is likely to be affected, either directly or indirectly. Marketing will further face changes, which are inevitable; therefore, its capability to continue fulfilling the needs of the customers is what matters. Due to the change brought about by the future, firms are faced by the uncertainties. However, accounting for change is very important for any firm, as this will ensure that the business stands firm (Kenny and Dyson, 1989, p.23). Nevertheless, as year’s progress, marketing is adapting to technology. Therefore, in the future, firms that will have not embraced technology will be disadvantaged while reaching out to customers. The channels of marketing may change in future, such that the internet will be widely used in advertising and promotions, since customers would easily access the internet via the phone. Therefore, with the changes in technology, marketing forms will have to change in organizations; they will need to adopt and embrace the latest technology in order to excel in marketing. Marketing is likely to change from the monologue state to dialogue state; this is due to the emerging innovations, competition, and the changing consumer behavior. Online branding is one of the emerging trends that have the capability of becoming a central marketing expression for companies. Due to the expanding role of marketing, organizations will find the need to create new incentive structures that will aid in increasing accountability. In the previous years, marketing was a monologue, where marketers used television advertisement to attract customers. In addition, they would also use radios to inform attract customers. Nevertheless, online marketing has brought drastic changes in marketing by transforming it from a monologue to a dialogue. Online marketing enables customers to reveal their tastes and preferences on a product or brand. Such responses enable marketers to improve or change their products, with an aim of fulfilling the customer’s needs (The Economist Intelligence Unit, 2006, p.3). Today, customers are able to compare various products and services online; definitely in the future, marketing will keep advancing. Therefore, the future of technology looks bright, and one that will impact positively on organizations and their stakeholders. Conclusion Marketing is an important aspect in the business world; it contributes to the success of the organization. In addition, it involves advertising, promotions, and sales as ways on introducing the product to the public. The goal of marketing is to make the product widely known and recognized. Therefore, marketers should be creative due to the competitive nature of the market. A market–oriented firm researches on the needs of customers and find s ways to fulfill them. Nevertheless, for a firm to achieve a competitive advantage, it should work towards fulfilling the demands of its customers. Reference List Ind, N., Bjerke, R., 2007. The concept of participatory market orientation: An organization-wide approach to enhancing brand equity. Journal of Brand Management, 15; 135–145. Web. Available at: http://www.palgrave-journals.com/bm/journal/v15/n2/full/2550122a.html . Ferrell, O. et al. 2005. From Market Orientation to Stakeholder Orientation. American Marketing Association. Journal of Public Policy Marketing, 29 (1); 93-96. Web. Available at: http://global.broad.msu.edu/hult/publications/JPPM10.pdf . Ferrell, O., Hartline, M., 2010. Marketing Strategy. Fifth Edition. OH: Cengage Learning Publisher. Havaldar, K., 2005. Industrial marketing: text and cases. Second Edition. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill Education Publisher. Kenny, B., Dyson, K., 1989. Marketing in small businesses. London: Taylor Francis, Publisher. McDaniel, C., Gates, R., 1998. Marketing research essentials. Marketing Research Series. Second Edition. London: Taylor Francis Publisher. Net MBA. 2011. The Marketing Concept. Web. Available at: http://www.netmba.com/marketing/concept/ . Pearson. 2011. Case Study: Tesco. Pearson education. Web. Available at: http://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_kotler_euromm_1/126/32286/8265276.cw/content/index.html . Roll, M., 2011. Market Orientation – Essential foundation for a strong marketing strategy. Web. Available at: http://www.venturerepublic.com/resources/Market_orientation_marketing_strategy_brand_leadership.asp . The Economist Intelligence Unit. 2006. The future of marketing from monologue to dialogue. Web. Available at: http://graphics.eiu.com/files/ad_pdfs/Google_Future_of_Marketing_060907.pdf . The Marketing Concept. 2009. Kotler Marketing Article Series. Web. Available at: http://knol.google.com/k/the-marketing-concept-kotler#Marketing_%282D%29_Definition . O’Shaugh nessy, J., 1995. Competitive marketing: a strategic approach. Third Edition. NY: Routledge Publisher. Pride, W., Ferrell, O., 2006. Marketing: concepts and strategies. 13th Edition. OH: Cengage Learning Publisher. Shaw, S., 2011. Airline Marketing and Management. Seventh Edition. NY: Ashgate Publishing. This essay on The Marketing Concept – Development, Stakeholders, and Future Directions was written and submitted by user Ava Becker to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.